See -a in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "negation"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-at",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 16 10 12 13 10 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates negation; does not"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-PoF2fXAw",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"in verbs with jamvekt"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "-å"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-andi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-aði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-aði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-uðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uðuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-aði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "-um",
"impr_2pl": "-ið",
"impr_2sg": "-a",
"infinitive": "-a",
"mp_impr_1pl": "-umsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "-izk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "-ask",
"mp_infinitive": "-ask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "-uðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "-uðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "-uðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "-uðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_part": "-azk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "-aðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "-uðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "-aðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "-umsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "-umk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "-izk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "-ask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "-ask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "-ask",
"mp_pres_part": "-andisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "-imsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "-umk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "-izk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "-isk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "-isk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "-isk",
"past_ind_1pl": "-uðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "-aða",
"past_ind_2pl": "-uðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "-uðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "-aði",
"past_part": "-aðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "-aðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "-aða",
"past_sub_2pl": "-aðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "-aði",
"past_sub_3sg": "-aði",
"personal": "yes",
"pres_ind_1pl": "-um",
"pres_ind_1sg": "-a",
"pres_ind_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "-ar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "-a",
"pres_ind_3sg": "-ar",
"pres_part": "-andi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "-im",
"pres_sub_1sg": "-a",
"pres_sub_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "-ir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "-i",
"pres_sub_3sg": "-i",
"title1": "Conjugation of -a — active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of -a — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "-um",
"impr_2pl": "-ið",
"impr_2sg": "-a",
"infinitive": "-a",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "-uðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "-aða",
"past_ind_2pl": "-uðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "-uðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "-aði",
"past_part": "-aðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "-aðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "-aða",
"past_sub_2pl": "-aðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "-aði",
"past_sub_3sg": "-aði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "-um",
"pres_ind_1sg": "-a",
"pres_ind_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "-ar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "-a",
"pres_ind_3sg": "-ar",
"pres_part": "-andi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "-im",
"pres_sub_1sg": "-a",
"pres_sub_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "-ir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "-i",
"pres_sub_3sg": "-i",
"title": "Conjugation of -a — active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-andi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðr",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aða",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aða",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ar",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðir",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ar",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aði",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-i",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aði",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uðum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-im",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uðuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uðu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-i",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aði",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 16 10 12 13 10 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creates denominative verbs from nouns"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-DKvuX-fA",
"links": [
[
"denominative",
"denominative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 16 10 12 13 10 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creates factitive verbs from adjectives"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-oZqy9NNv",
"links": [
[
"factitive",
"factitive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "adverb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ê"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ê",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ê and *-ô.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gjarn + -a → gjarna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to make adverbs from adjectives"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-TaUXkE-J",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "noun-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ǭ or *-ô.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-on",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-an",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-urnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-urnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-na",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-an",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ans",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-na",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"g": "f",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "-a f or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "-"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-on"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "-urnar",
"api": "-ur",
"asd": "-una",
"asi": "-u",
"dpd": "-unum",
"dpi": "-um",
"dsd": "-unni",
"dsi": "-u",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "-nanna",
"gpi": "-na",
"gsd": "-unnar",
"gsi": "-u",
"notes": "",
"npd": "-urnar",
"npi": "-ur",
"nsd": "-an",
"nsi": "-a",
"stem": "weak ōn-stem",
"title": "-a"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-an",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ur",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-urnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-una",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ur",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-urnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-na",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "-"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-an"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "-un",
"api": "-u",
"asd": "-at",
"asi": "-a",
"dpd": "-unum",
"dpi": "-um",
"dsd": "-anu",
"dsi": "-a",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "-nanna",
"gpi": "-na",
"gsd": "-ans",
"gsi": "-a",
"notes": "",
"npd": "-un",
"npi": "-u",
"nsd": "-at",
"nsi": "-a",
"stem": "weak an-stem",
"title": "-a"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-at",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-at",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ans",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-na",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 16 10 12 13 10 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"occurs in the nominative singular of feminine on-stem nouns"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-FmAFV4-6",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 16 10 12 13 10 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"occurs in the singular of neuter an-stem nouns"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-BnmGGkan",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"tags": [
"Suðuroy",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"lang_code": "ovd",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Old Gutnish",
"lang_code": "gmq-ogt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "i",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "-ᚨᚾ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾ (-an)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "-ᚨᚾ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾ (-an)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-anz",
"pos": "a-stem accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anz (a-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-oms",
"pos": "o-stem accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-oms (o-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-os",
"3": "*-ms",
"nocat": "1",
"pos1": "o-stem suffix",
"pos2": "accusative plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-os (o-stem suffix) + *-ms (accusative plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌰𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌰𐌽𐍃 (-ans)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-a"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -a",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the a-stems, inherited from Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾ (-an), from Proto-Germanic *-anz (a-stem accusative plural), from Proto-Indo-European *-oms (o-stem accusative plural), from *-os (o-stem suffix) + *-ms (accusative plural suffix); while in the an-stems, adopted on the model of the a-stems. Compare Gothic -𐌰𐌽𐍃 (-ans), Old High German -a, -ā.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite accusative plural of masculine a-stem nouns."
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-SPop4jrQ",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite accusative plural of masculine an-stem nouns."
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-A2dswUdO",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Old Gutnish",
"lang_code": "gmq-ogt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
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{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "genitive plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ǫ̂",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ǫ̂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ǫ̂"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-ǫ̂",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-oHom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-oHom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-ǫ̂ (and forms of it added to stems such as *-iwǫ̂), from Proto-Indo-European *-oHom (and forms of it added to stems such as *-éw-oHom).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive plural (of most nouns)"
],
"id": "en--a-non-suffix-~8oY6gnc",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse inflectional suffixes",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse suffix forms",
"Old Norse suffixes",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 66 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "negation"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-at",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"indicates negation; does not"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse inflectional suffixes",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse suffix forms",
"Old Norse suffixes",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 66 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"in verbs with jamvekt"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "-å"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-andi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-aði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-aði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-uðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uðuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-aðið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-aði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "-um",
"impr_2pl": "-ið",
"impr_2sg": "-a",
"infinitive": "-a",
"mp_impr_1pl": "-umsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "-izk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "-ask",
"mp_infinitive": "-ask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "-uðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "-uðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "-uðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "-uðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_part": "-azk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "-aðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "-uðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "-aðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "-aðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "-aðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "-umsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "-umk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "-izk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "-ask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "-ask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "-ask",
"mp_pres_part": "-andisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "-imsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "-umk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "-izk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "-isk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "-isk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "-isk",
"past_ind_1pl": "-uðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "-aða",
"past_ind_2pl": "-uðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "-uðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "-aði",
"past_part": "-aðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "-aðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "-aða",
"past_sub_2pl": "-aðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "-aði",
"past_sub_3sg": "-aði",
"personal": "yes",
"pres_ind_1pl": "-um",
"pres_ind_1sg": "-a",
"pres_ind_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "-ar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "-a",
"pres_ind_3sg": "-ar",
"pres_part": "-andi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "-im",
"pres_sub_1sg": "-a",
"pres_sub_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "-ir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "-i",
"pres_sub_3sg": "-i",
"title1": "Conjugation of -a — active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of -a — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "-um",
"impr_2pl": "-ið",
"impr_2sg": "-a",
"infinitive": "-a",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "-uðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "-aða",
"past_ind_2pl": "-uðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "-uðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "-aði",
"past_part": "-aðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "-aðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "-aða",
"past_sub_2pl": "-aðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "-aðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "-aði",
"past_sub_3sg": "-aði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "-um",
"pres_ind_1sg": "-a",
"pres_ind_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "-ar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "-a",
"pres_ind_3sg": "-ar",
"pres_part": "-andi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "-im",
"pres_sub_1sg": "-a",
"pres_sub_2pl": "-ið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "-ir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "-i",
"pres_sub_3sg": "-i",
"title": "Conjugation of -a — active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-andi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðr",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aða",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aða",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ar",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðir",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ar",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aði",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-i",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aði",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uðum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-im",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uðuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aðið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uðu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-i",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-aði",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"creates denominative verbs from nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"denominative",
"denominative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"creates factitive verbs from adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"factitive",
"factitive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse inflectional suffixes",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse suffix forms",
"Old Norse suffixes",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 66 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "adverb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ê"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ê",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ê and *-ô.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gjarn + -a → gjarna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to make adverbs from adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse feminine suffixes",
"Old Norse inflectional suffixes",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter an-stem nouns",
"Old Norse neuter suffixes",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse suffix forms",
"Old Norse suffixes",
"Old Norse suffixes with multiple genders",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse ōn-stem nouns",
"Pages with 66 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "noun-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ǭ or *-ô.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-on",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-an",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-urnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-urnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-na",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-an",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ans",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-na",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"g": "f",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "-a f or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "-"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-on"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "-urnar",
"api": "-ur",
"asd": "-una",
"asi": "-u",
"dpd": "-unum",
"dpi": "-um",
"dsd": "-unni",
"dsi": "-u",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "-nanna",
"gpi": "-na",
"gsd": "-unnar",
"gsi": "-u",
"notes": "",
"npd": "-urnar",
"npi": "-ur",
"nsd": "-an",
"nsi": "-a",
"stem": "weak ōn-stem",
"title": "-a"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-an",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ur",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-urnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-una",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ur",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-urnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-na",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "-"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-an"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "-un",
"api": "-u",
"asd": "-at",
"asi": "-a",
"dpd": "-unum",
"dpi": "-um",
"dsd": "-anu",
"dsi": "-a",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "-nanna",
"gpi": "-na",
"gsd": "-ans",
"gsi": "-a",
"notes": "",
"npd": "-un",
"npi": "-u",
"nsd": "-at",
"nsi": "-a",
"stem": "weak an-stem",
"title": "-a"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-at",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-at",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-um",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ans",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-na",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"occurs in the nominative singular of feminine on-stem nouns"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"occurs in the singular of neuter an-stem nouns"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse inflectional suffixes",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse suffix forms",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Norse",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Norse",
"Pages with 66 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"tags": [
"Suðuroy",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"lang_code": "ovd",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Old Gutnish",
"lang_code": "gmq-ogt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "i",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "-ᚨᚾ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾ (-an)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "-ᚨᚾ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾ (-an)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-anz",
"pos": "a-stem accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anz (a-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-oms",
"pos": "o-stem accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-oms (o-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-os",
"3": "*-ms",
"nocat": "1",
"pos1": "o-stem suffix",
"pos2": "accusative plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-os (o-stem suffix) + *-ms (accusative plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌰𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌰𐌽𐍃 (-ans)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-a"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -a",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the a-stems, inherited from Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾ (-an), from Proto-Germanic *-anz (a-stem accusative plural), from Proto-Indo-European *-oms (o-stem accusative plural), from *-os (o-stem suffix) + *-ms (accusative plural suffix); while in the an-stems, adopted on the model of the a-stems. Compare Gothic -𐌰𐌽𐍃 (-ans), Old High German -a, -ā.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite accusative plural of masculine a-stem nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite accusative plural of masculine an-stem nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse inflectional suffixes",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse suffix forms",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 66 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Old Gutnish",
"lang_code": "gmq-ogt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "genitive plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ǫ̂",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ǫ̂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ǫ̂"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-ǫ̂",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-oHom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-oHom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-ǫ̂ (and forms of it added to stems such as *-iwǫ̂), from Proto-Indo-European *-oHom (and forms of it added to stems such as *-éw-oHom).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive plural (of most nouns)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-a"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -a meaning in Old Norse (25.1kB)
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"-a",
"Template:inh+",
"Template:inh",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:inherited()"
],
"section": "Old Norse",
"subsection": "",
"title": "-a",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 776820211<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 09 Feb 2026 12:10:21 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"-a",
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"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:inherited()"
],
"section": "Old Norse",
"subsection": "",
"title": "-a",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 820678993<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 09 Feb 2026 12:11:16 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-11 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.